Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte, commonly referred to as Kotte, is the official administrative capital of Sri Lanka. It is located in the Western Province, near Colombo, the commercial capital of the country. The history of Kotte is rich and dates back several centuries.

Early History

• Founding: Kotte was founded in the late 14th century by King Nissanka Alakesvara. He constructed a fortress city to serve as a safe haven from invasions, particularly from the Jaffna Kingdom in the north. The city's name, derived from the Sinhalese words "Kota" (fortress), reflects its origins as a fortified area.

• 14th to 16th Century: During the 15th century, Kotte became a significant center of Sinhalese power. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Kotte, which was established by King Parakramabahu VI, who is one of the most notable rulers associated with the city. His reign (1412–1467) is often considered a golden age for Kotte, marked by political stability, economic prosperity, and cultural achievements, including the flourishing of literature and art.

Colonial Period

• Portuguese Influence: In the early 16th century, the Portuguese arrived in Sri Lanka. Though initially establishing trade relations, they soon exerted military influence over the island, including Kotte. In 1597, the Kingdom of Kotte formally came under Portuguese control.

• Dutch and British Period: Following the Portuguese, the Dutch and then the British took control of the coastal regions of Sri Lanka. By the time the British took control in the early 19th century, Kotte had lost much of its former importance.

Modern Era

• 20th Century Development: During British rule, and after Sri Lanka gained independence in 1948, Kotte remained a suburban area of Colombo. Significant development began in the latter half of the 20th century.

• Capital City: In 1977, the decision was made to move the administrative capital from Colombo to Kotte, as part of an effort to ease congestion in Colombo. The Parliament of Sri Lanka was moved to Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte in 1982, a key event in its modern history.

Important Landmarks

• Sri Lankan Parliament Building: This is one of the most prominent landmarks in Kotte. Designed by renowned architect Geoffrey Bawa, the building is situated on an island in the Diyawanna Oya lake and is a symbol of modern Sri Lankan architecture.

• Kotte Raja Maha Vihara: This ancient Buddhist temple dates back to the Kingdom of Kotte, serving as a significant religious and historical site.

• Ethul Kotte Archaeological Museum: This museum preserves and displays artifacts from the Kotte period, offering insights into the city's rich history.

• Diyatha Uyana: An urban park located on the banks of the Diyawanna Oya, it has become a popular recreational area for locals and tourists.

Notable Historical Figures

• King Parakramabahu VI: As the ruler who established Kotte as a major power, his reign is celebrated for its cultural and economic achievements.

• Nissanka Alakesvara: The founder of Kotte, who established the city as a fortified capital.

Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte today is a blend of historical significance and modern development, hosting the administrative functions of the Sri Lankan government while preserving its rich cultural heritage.