Savanna-la-Mar

Savanna-la-Mar, commonly referred to as Sav, is the capital of Westmoreland Parish, located on the southwest coast of Jamaica. Here is a detailed history of the town, highlighting significant events, historical figures, and important landmarks:

Historical Background

1. Establishment and Early History:

   • Savanna-la-Mar was established as a port town in the late 17th century. Its name, which means "plain by the sea" in Spanish, reflects the flat, coastal terrain of the area.
   • Originally, the town was part of the Spanish territory before the British captured Jamaica in 1655.

2. 18th Century:

   • In 1730, Savanna-la-Mar was designated the capital of Westmoreland Parish. During this period, it developed as a significant port for the sugar industry, which was the backbone of the Jamaican economy.
   • The town was notably devastated by a hurricane on October 3, 1780, which is considered one of the deadliest Atlantic hurricanes in history. Much of the town was submerged, and many lives were lost.

3. 19th Century:

   • Throughout the 19th century, Savanna-la-Mar continued to be an important trade center, especially with the growth of sugar and later banana exports.
   • The abolition of slavery in 1834 had a significant impact on the socio-economic fabric of the town, as it did across Jamaica.

4. 20th Century Developments:

   • The early 20th century saw further development with the establishment of railway connections, which facilitated trade and movement.
   • In 1976, Hurricane Allen caused significant damage to the area, impacting infrastructure and housing.

Significant Figures

• Samuel Sharpe: Although not directly from Savanna-la-Mar, Samuel Sharpe, a national hero of Jamaica, played a pivotal role in the 1831-32 Baptist War, a major slave uprising that contributed to the abolition of slavery.

Landmarks

1. The Savanna-la-Mar Methodist Church:

   • One of the oldest buildings in the town, this church reflects the historical architecture of the 19th century and has served as a religious and community center for many years.

2. Fort Charlotte:

   • Built in the 18th century to defend the town against pirates and other threats, the fort is a notable historic site, although much of it is now in ruins.

3. The Savanna-la-Mar Great Morass:

   • This natural wetland area is an important ecological site, offering a habitat for diverse wildlife and playing a crucial role in the local environment.

4. The Mannings School:

   • Founded in 1738, it is one of the oldest schools in Jamaica and a significant educational institution in the parish.

Cultural and Economic Context

• Economy: Historically centered around agriculture and trade, the town has diversified over time, though agriculture remains important.
• Culture: Savanna-la-Mar is known for its vibrant culture, including music and dance, which are integral to the community's identity.

Despite its challenges, including natural disasters and economic shifts, Savanna-la-Mar remains a vital part of Westmoreland Parish, with a rich history and cultural heritage.