Reigate

Reigate is a historic market town located in Surrey, United Kingdom. Its history dates back to the medieval period and it has evolved significantly over the centuries. Here is a detailed history of Reigate, highlighting significant events, historical figures, and important landmarks:

Early History

• Medieval Origins: Reigate's history can be traced back to the Domesday Book of 1086, where it is mentioned as Cherchefelle. The name Reigate is believed to have originated from 'Ridgegate', referring to a gap in the ridge of the North Downs.

• Reigate Castle: The construction of Reigate Castle began in the early 12th century by William de Warenne, the 2nd Earl of Surrey. The castle served as a fortification and a residence. Although it is now in ruins, the castle grounds are a public park, and there is a mock medieval gateway that was built in the 18th century.

Development of the Town

• Market Town: Reigate was granted a market charter in 1276, which helped it develop into a thriving market town. The market was held in what is now the High Street and Church Street area.

• Reigate Priory: Founded in the 13th century, Reigate Priory was originally a monastery for the Augustinian order. After the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 16th century, it became a private residence. Today, Reigate Priory is a Grade I listed building and houses a museum and park.

17th and 18th Centuries

• Civil War: During the English Civil War, Reigate Castle was fortified by the Royalists, but it saw little action and was later dismantled to prevent its use in future conflicts.

• Industrial Development: By the 18th century, Reigate was known for its stone quarries, producing Reigate Stone, which was used in the construction of iconic buildings in London, such as Westminster Abbey.

19th Century

• Transportation: The arrival of the railway in the mid-19th century transformed Reigate, enhancing its connectivity with London and leading to suburban development.

• Urban Development: During this period, Reigate expanded with the construction of new roads and housing, reflecting its growing population and prosperity.

20th Century to Present

• World Wars: Reigate, like many towns in Britain, was affected by both World Wars. During World War II, it was a location for military installations.

• Modern Reigate: Today, Reigate is known for its attractive town center, historic buildings, and proximity to the North Downs. It offers a mix of historic charm and modern amenities.

Notable Figures

• William de Warenne: The 2nd Earl of Surrey, who constructed Reigate Castle.
• Lady Henry Somerset: A prominent figure associated with Reigate Priory, known for her social reform efforts in the late 19th century.

Landmarks

• Reigate Castle Grounds: The remains of the castle and its gardens are a popular area for visitors.
• Reigate Priory and Park: Now a museum and public park, offering insights into the area's history.
• St. Mary’s Church: A historic church dating back to the 12th century, featuring stunning architecture.

Reigate remains a vibrant town with a rich history reflected in its architecture and cultural heritage.