Kittery

Kittery, located in York County, Maine, is a town with a rich history dating back to the early 17th century. It is recognized as the oldest incorporated town in Maine, having been settled in 1623 and incorporated in 1647.

Early History

Kittery's location along the Piscataqua River made it an ideal spot for early European settlers. The area was initially inhabited by the Abenaki people before English settlers arrived. The town was named after Kittery Court in Kingswear, England, the birthplace of one of the original settlers, Alexander Shapleigh.

Colonial Era

During the colonial period, Kittery was a prominent shipbuilding center. The town's economy was largely based on the shipbuilding industry, which thrived due to its access to the Atlantic Ocean. The renowned shipbuilder Sir William Pepperrell, who was born in Kittery, became one of the town’s most prominent figures. He was a merchant and military leader, best known for leading the successful Siege of Louisbourg during King George's War.

Revolutionary War

Kittery played a role in the American Revolutionary War, with its residents actively participating in the war effort. The town's strategic location and shipbuilding capabilities contributed to the war effort, providing ships and other resources.

19th Century

The 19th century saw the establishment of the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard on Seavey’s Island, which is technically part of Kittery. Although it is often associated with neighboring Portsmouth, New Hampshire, the shipyard has been integral to Kittery’s history. Established in 1800, it is one of the oldest continuously operating shipyards in the United States and was a significant site for building and maintaining naval vessels.

20th Century to Present

In the 20th century, Kittery became known for its outlet shopping centers, drawing visitors from around New England. The town has retained much of its historic charm, with numerous preserved buildings and sites.

Significant Landmarks

• Fort McClary: Named after New Hampshire native Major Andrew McClary, who was killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill, this historic fort site has been used in various military capacities since the late 17th century.
• Lady Pepperrell House: Built in 1760 for Lady Mary Hirst Pepperrell, the widow of Sir William Pepperrell, it is a fine example of Georgian architecture and is a National Historic Landmark.
• Kittery Foreside: This area is the historic heart of Kittery, featuring a mix of old homes, shops, and restaurants, and is a vibrant part of the community today.
• John Paul Jones House: Though located in nearby Portsmouth, this house is associated with the famous naval commander John Paul Jones and is part of the broader historical narrative of the area.

Notable Figures

• Sir William Pepperrell: As mentioned earlier, a notable merchant and military leader from Kittery, his contributions to the region’s history are significant.
• Mark Langdon: A U.S. Senator who was born in Kittery and served the state of New Hampshire.

Kittery remains a town that balances its deep historical roots with modern developments, offering visitors and residents a unique glimpse into both its past and present.