Guimaras

Guimaras, an island province in the Philippines located in the Western Visayas region, is known for its rich history and significant cultural heritage. Below is a detailed history of Guimaras, including significant events, historical figures, and important landmarks:

Early History

• Pre-Colonial Period: Guimaras was originally known as Himal-us. The island was inhabited by the Ati people, and it later became part of a larger community with connections to the nearby islands of Panay and Negros.

Spanish Colonial Period

• 1581: Guimaras was established as a visita (a small religious mission) by the Spanish under the jurisdiction of the Augustinian friars from the province of Oton, Iloilo.
• 1742: The island became a parish under the jurisdiction of the municipality of San Pedro, now known as San Pedro Bay in Iloilo.

American Period

• 1902: During the American period, Guimaras was part of Iloilo Province. The Americans established a quarantine station for animals on the island due to its strategic location and resources.
• 1903: Guimaras was briefly annexed to the municipality of Buenavista in Iloilo.

Philippine Independence

• 1966: Guimaras was created as a sub-province of Iloilo through Republic Act No. 4667, with its own local government structures to administer its affairs.
• 1992: Guimaras became a full-fledged province by virtue of Republic Act No. 7160, the Local Government Code of 1991. This was a significant event as it marked the political and administrative independence of the island from Iloilo.

Significant Events

• 2006 Guimaras Oil Spill: One of the most significant environmental disasters in the Philippines occurred when the oil tanker MT Solar 1 sank and spilled over 2 million liters of oil, severely affecting the coastal and marine ecosystems. The spill had long-lasting impacts on the local economy and environment.

Historical Figures

• Valeriano Gatuslao: He played a significant role in the political development of Guimaras during the American period. As a prominent political figure, his contributions helped shape the governance of the island.

Important Landmarks

• Guisi Lighthouse: Built in the 18th century, it is one of the oldest lighthouses in the Philippines and served as a navigational aid during the Spanish colonial period. The lighthouse is located in the southwestern part of the island in the town of Nueva Valencia.
• Trappist Monastery: The only Trappist monastery in the Philippines, located in Jordan, Guimaras. It is a place of spiritual retreat and one of the island's major tourist attractions.
• Navalas Church: Also known as the San Isidro Labrador Church, it is the oldest Roman Catholic church in Guimaras, located in the town of Buenavista. The church is known for its historical architecture and cultural significance.

Economy and Culture

• Mango Industry: Guimaras is famous for its sweet mangoes, which are exported globally. The Mango Festival is held annually to celebrate the island’s primary agricultural product.

Modern Developments

• Guimaras has developed a burgeoning ecotourism industry, capitalizing on its natural beauty, beaches, and agricultural products. The province continues to balance development with environmental conservation, especially in the wake of past ecological challenges.

Guimaras' vibrant history and culture make it an intriguing place, known for its natural beauty and rich heritage.